미국 커버리지

미국 수치가 뜻하는 것

중요한 숫자는 두 개인데, 모든 판매사가 인용하는 건 그중 하나뿐입니다. 일반적인 속도는 64 Mbps입니다. 상태가 좋을 때가 어느 정도인지 알려주는 숫자입니다.

읽을 값어치가 있는 건 10분위, 11 Mbps 쪽입니다. 역 위 기지국이 가득 차고 주변 사람들이 모두 같은 전파에 붙어 있는, 하루 중 아래쪽 10퍼센트일 때의 속도입니다. 중앙값이 높고 바닥이 낮은 나라는 정작 필요한 그 순간까지만 훌륭하게 작동하는 나라입니다.

영상 통화나 테더링이 꼭 필요한 여행이라면 일반 속도가 아니라 혼잡 시 수치를 기준으로 계획하세요.

미국에서 망이 붐빌 때 벌어지는 일

혼잡은 고장이 아니라 화요일 저녁입니다. 문제는 그때 eSIM이 무엇을 할 수 있느냐인데, 대부분의 여행용 eSIM은 할 수 있는 게 없습니다. 나라마다 도매 계약 하나, 망 하나, 길에 선 채로 다른 회사 eSIM을 한 장 더 사는 것 말고는 빠져나갈 방법이 없습니다.

여기서 Orbislo 트래픽은 T-Mobile 및 AT&T를 지납니다. 지금 쓰는 망이 나빠지면 여행 도중이라도, 요청하지 않아도 다른 망으로 옮깁니다. 그 순간에 방해하는 대신 옮기고 나서 알려드립니다.

미국의 이동통신사

• Verizon: Verizon reported 144.75 million postpaid and prepaid connections at the end of 2023, 38.6 percent of the total for the largest publicly traded carriers and the largest share among them in the FCC's 2024 marketplace report.
• T-Mobile: T-Mobile reported 119.7 million postpaid and prepaid connections at the end of 2023, a 31.9 percent share among the largest carriers, up from 102.06 million at the end of 2020.
• AT&T: AT&T reported 106.34 million postpaid and prepaid connections at the end of 2023, a 28.3 percent share among the largest carriers, and separately about 135 million connected device and wholesale connections.
• UScellular: T-Mobile closed its purchase of UScellular's wireless operations on 1 August 2025, taking over more than four million customers, its stores and selected spectrum. The towers and a significant portion of the spectrum stayed with the renamed Array Digital Infrastructure.
• EchoStar and Boost Mobile: In May 2026 the FCC approved the assignment of EchoStar's 600 MHz and 3.45 GHz licences to AT&T. Boost Mobile continues as what the companies call a hybrid network operator, running its own 5G core while carrying customer traffic over AT&T's cell sites.

미국의 구형 네트워크

• The national carriers retired 3G during 2022: AT&T began phasing it out in February, T-Mobile finished Sprint's CDMA network on 31 March and its own UMTS network on 1 July, and Verizon set 31 December as its completion date. The FCC warned that visitors arriving with 3G phones would be affected.
• After Verizon retired its CDMA network, a phone that only supports 3G, or a 4G phone without HD Voice (VoLTE), can no longer make or receive calls, send texts or use data on Verizon, and such devices cannot be activated.
• T-Mobile retired its 2G GSM network on 3 August 2026. It also shut Sprint's LTE network on 30 June 2022 and retired an older network security standard on 1 April 2026, which can disrupt some features on phones from 2017 or earlier.

미국의 5G

• The FCC's C-band auction of the 3.7 to 3.98 GHz band, Auction 107, closed in February 2021 with 81.17 billion dollars in gross bids, and 21 bidders won a total of 5,684 licences.
• Auction 110 for the 3.45 GHz band ran from October 2021 to January 2022 and raised 22.51 billion dollars in gross bids from 23 winning bidders, making further mid band spectrum available for 5G.
• Auction 108 for 2.5 GHz band licences ran in July and August 2022 and raised 427.8 million dollars in gross bids from 63 winning bidders.
• T-Mobile launched the first nationwide standalone 5G network on 4 August 2020. Standalone mode freed its 600 MHz 5G signal from depending on mid band 4G, letting it reach further from each tower and deeper into buildings.
• The spectrum AT&T bought from EchoStar covers about 99 percent of the US population. The FCC waived the standard 600 MHz build out schedule on condition that AT&T meets tighter deadlines than it had proposed.

미국 네트워크 참고 사항

• No US network covers the whole country. Each national carrier reports 4G LTE coverage of at least 95 percent of the population but only at least 68 percent of road miles, and 5G at 7/1 Mbps or better for at least 75 percent of people and 35 percent of road miles.
• AT&T, T-Mobile and Verizon together held about 82 percent of the mobile spectrum the FCC counts in its competition screen as of June 2024, measured by megahertz weighted by population covered.
• Numbering data put US mobile connections at about 492 million at the end of 2023, an increase of about 5 percent on the end of 2022.