Cobertura de Mongolia

Qué significan las cifras de Mongolia

Importan dos números y solo uno es el que cita todo el mundo. La velocidad habitual, 35 Mbps, te dice cómo es un buen momento.

El percentil diez, 8 Mbps, es el que conviene leer. Es la velocidad en la peor décima parte del día, cuando la antena de encima de la estación está llena y todos los que te rodean están en ella. Un país con mediana alta y suelo bajo es un país que funciona de maravilla hasta el momento en que de verdad lo necesitas.

Si el viaje depende de videollamadas o de compartir conexión, planifica con la cifra de hora punta y no con la habitual.

Qué pasa en Mongolia cuando la red se satura

La congestión no es una avería, es un martes por la tarde. La pregunta es qué puede hacer tu eSIM al respecto, y en la mayoría de las eSIM de viaje la respuesta es nada: un acuerdo mayorista por país, una red y ninguna salida salvo comprar una segunda eSIM a otro mientras estás de pie en la calle.

Aquí el tráfico de Orbislo va por Mobicom y Unitel. Cuando la red en la que estás se degrada te movemos a otra, en mitad del viaje, sin que lo pidas, y te lo contamos después en lugar de interrumpirte en ese momento.

Operadores móviles en Mongolia

• Market: In August 2024 Mongolia had 4.9 million mobile subscriptions for a population of 3.5 million. Mobicom held 36.9 percent of the market and Unitel 34 percent, and operators earned an average of 16,544 tugrik per user a month.
• Mobicom: Mobicom is a consolidated subsidiary of Japan's KDDI, which has invested since its founding in 1995 alongside Sumitomo Corporation and Newcom. In 2017 it launched Mongolia's first carrier aggregation service, in Ulaanbaatar and Erdenet.
• Unitel: Unitel launched Mongolia's first 4G LTE network in 2016, according to its chief executive, and says mobile internet use grew tenfold in the years after.
• Starlink: On 6 July 2023 the regulator approved two licences for SpaceX's Starlink, allowing low orbit satellite internet to be sold in Mongolia.

El 5G en Mongolia

• Five operators received 5G spectrum licences in May 2025: Unitel, Mobicom, Skytel, GMobile and ONDO. Each was allocated 100 MHz, and existing 4G systems are to move to 5G on that spectrum through 2027.
• The rollout is tiered: Ulaanbaatar first, then provincial centres, then soum centres, with the selection terms asking for remote settlements to be reached as early as possible. Operators plan the work for 2025 to 2029 and budget 1.4 trillion tugrik over five years.
• Unitel lit Mongolia's first 5G test station on Sükhbaatar Square in August 2022 and tested in all 21 provincial centres in October 2023. Commercial service opened on 16 May 2025 in Ulaanbaatar and the 21 provincial centres, with no settings needed on a 5G phone.
• The national target set at launch is 5G coverage for 70 percent of the population by 2027, two years after commercial service began.

Notas sobre la red en Mongolia

• Regulator statistics for 2024 counted 4.89 million mobile users, 4 million of them on 4G, and 55,540 kilometres of transmission lines, 78 percent of it fibre optic.
• Landlocked between Russia and China, Mongolia reaches the internet over land. Mobicom's backbone has cross-border links with Chinese carriers and with Russia's Megafon and TTK, and the ERMC terrestrial cable runs from Europe through Russia and Mongolia to China.
• Coverage is concentrated in towns. British phones generally work in the cities, but large parts of rural Mongolia have no network coverage at all, and outside the capital only about 10 percent of roads are paved.